Plagiarism, Originality and Duplicate Publication Policy

General Principle

European Scientific e-Journal publishes original scholarly works that meet the journal’s academic, editorial and ethical requirements. Authors submitting manuscripts to the journal are responsible for ensuring that their work is original, properly referenced and not published elsewhere in the same or substantially similar form without clear disclosure.

The journal does not accept plagiarism, unattributed borrowing, inappropriate paraphrasing, duplicate publication, redundant publication, fabricated sources, citation manipulation or self-plagiarism without disclosure.

Originality is assessed during editorial screening, peer review and, where necessary, post-publication review.

Originality Requirement

A submitted manuscript must present an original scholarly contribution. Originality may be expressed through new research results, independent analysis, theoretical argument, methodological approach, case-based study, review-based synthesis or a new interpretation of existing academic material.

Authors must clearly distinguish their own contribution from the work of other researchers. All sources, quotations, data, ideas, tables, figures and previously published materials used in the manuscript must be properly cited.

The journal may reject a manuscript before peer review if it does not demonstrate sufficient originality or if it consists mainly of compiled, copied, recycled or insufficiently transformed material.

Plagiarism

Plagiarism is the use of another person’s words, ideas, data, images, structure, arguments or research results without proper acknowledgement. Plagiarism may occur through direct copying, close paraphrasing, translated copying, unattributed use of data or presentation of another person’s work as one’s own.

European Scientific e-Journal does not accept plagiarism in any form.

Examples of unacceptable plagiarism include:

• copying text from another source without quotation marks or citation;
• paraphrasing another author’s work too closely without proper acknowledgement;
• translating text from another language without citation;
• using another author’s data, tables, figures or images without permission or acknowledgement where required;
• presenting another person’s idea, argument, method or conclusion as original;
• copying from online materials, reports, theses, conference papers or previously published articles without citation.

If plagiarism is identified before publication, the manuscript may be returned for correction or rejected, depending on the seriousness of the case.

Text Similarity and Similarity Checks

All submitted manuscripts may be checked for text similarity and originality. Similarity checks may be performed using available anti-plagiarism or text comparison tools, as well as editorial assessment.

A similarity percentage is not the only basis for an editorial decision. Similarity reports are interpreted in context by the Editorial Office or responsible editor.

The following forms of text overlap may be acceptable when properly handled:

• references and bibliographic entries;
• standard names of institutions, organisations, legal acts or technical terms;
• commonly used methodological descriptions;
• properly quoted and cited text;
• previously disseminated conference abstracts or preprints when clearly disclosed;
• limited overlap in descriptions of established concepts where proper citation is provided.

The following forms of text overlap are not acceptable:

• substantial unattributed copying;
• close paraphrasing without acknowledgement;
• repeated use of the author’s own previously published text without disclosure;
• duplicate or redundant publication;
• translated plagiarism;
• fabricated or manipulated references;
• source concealment or citation manipulation.

Minimum Text Uniqueness Check

European Scientific e-Journal may use a minimum text uniqueness threshold during preliminary editorial screening. As a working technical benchmark, manuscripts should normally demonstrate at least 70% text uniqueness before they are considered for peer review.

A manuscript below the technical uniqueness threshold may be returned to the author for revision, clarification or correction. Repeated submission of a manuscript with unresolved plagiarism or substantial unattributed overlap may lead to rejection.

Self-plagiarism and Redundant Publication

Authors must disclose any previous publication, dissemination or submission of related material. This includes previous journal articles, conference papers, preprints, book chapters, reports, theses or other forms of published or publicly available work.

Self-plagiarism occurs when authors reuse substantial parts of their own previously published material without proper citation, disclosure or justification. Redundant publication occurs when the same or substantially similar work is published more than once without transparent editorial approval.

The journal may accept manuscripts that develop previous work if the new manuscript contains substantial original contribution and the relationship to the previous publication is clearly disclosed and cited.

Duplicate Submission

Authors must not submit the same manuscript to European Scientific e-Journal while it is under consideration by another journal, publisher or conference proceedings outlet.

By submitting a manuscript, the corresponding author confirms that the manuscript is not under simultaneous consideration elsewhere unless this has been clearly disclosed to the Editorial Office and approved as part of the editorial process.

If duplicate submission is identified, the manuscript may be rejected or withdrawn from consideration.

Use of Preprints and Conference Materials

The journal may consider manuscripts based on preprints, conference presentations or earlier academic materials if this is clearly disclosed at submission and if the manuscript contains sufficient scholarly development.

Authors must inform the Editorial Office if the submitted manuscript is based on:

• a preprint;
• a conference paper;
• a thesis chapter;
• a research report;
• previously presented but unpublished material;
• a substantially revised version of earlier work.

The Editorial Board may request additional information to determine whether the manuscript contains sufficient new contribution and whether publication is appropriate.

Citation Integrity

Authors must cite sources accurately and responsibly. Citations must support the claims made in the manuscript and must not be used to manipulate citation indicators, create misleading scholarly connections or inflate references.

The journal does not accept:

• citation manipulation;
• irrelevant citation padding;
• fabricated references;
• inaccurate bibliographic information;
• excessive self-citation without scholarly justification;
• citation of sources that were not actually consulted by the author.

The Editorial Office may request correction of references before peer review or publication.

Editorial Actions Before Publication

If plagiarism, duplicate publication or insufficient originality is identified before publication, the journal may take one or more of the following actions:

• return the manuscript to the author for correction;
• request clarification or additional source information;
• require revision of improperly cited or overlapping text;
• reject the manuscript before peer review;
• reject the manuscript after peer review;
• refuse further consideration of repeated submissions that show unresolved ethical problems.

The seriousness of the action depends on the extent, nature and intent of the problem.

Post-publication Actions

If plagiarism, duplicate publication, fabricated sources or significant unattributed overlap is discovered after publication, the Editorial Board will assess the case and determine the appropriate response.

Possible post-publication actions include:

• correction;
• editorial note;
• expression of concern;
• retraction;
• update of metadata or publication information.

A correction may be issued when the problem is limited and does not invalidate the article as a whole. A retraction may be issued when plagiarism, duplicate publication or serious ethical violation significantly compromises the reliability, originality or integrity of the published work.

Author Responsibility

Authors are responsible for the originality and integrity of submitted manuscripts. The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that all co-authors are aware of the submission, approve the manuscript and understand the journal’s originality and plagiarism requirements.

Authors must cooperate with the Editorial Office if questions arise regarding text similarity, source use, previous publication or originality.

Failure to respond to editorial requests for clarification may result in rejection, withdrawal from consideration or post-publication action.