Dyachenko, O. N. (2025). The natural world as an explication of ethical and axiological meanings in Greco-Eastern patristics. Actual Issues of Modern Science. European Scientific e-Journal, 39, __-__. Ostrava: Tuculart Edition.

DOI: 10.47451/phi2025-10-x1

Abstract:

In the context of historical and philosophical reflection, the question of the status of the natural world and humanity’s relationship to it has always remained one of the key issues — especially today, when alarming forecasts of global natural cataclysms increasingly warn of potentially catastrophic consequences on a universal scale. The novelty of this research lies in its historical and philosophical analysis of the ethical and axiological interpretation of nature in the Early Middle Ages. The subject of the study is the natural world as an explication of ontological and ethical–axiological meanings in the works of representatives of Greek–Eastern patristics. The object of the study is the origin and meaning of the natural world within the hierarchy of being in patristic philosophy. The study aims to conduct a historical and philosophical analysis of the ontological foundations in the interpretation of nature and the animal world within the context of medieval mental culture. The article presents constitutive positions characterising conceptions of the natural world in Greek–Eastern patristics. It explores the reasons for its creation and interpretations of nature as testimony to God’s will, reflected in the writings of Christian thinkers of the 4th–6th centuries, as well as the significance of the created world in human spiritual experience and as a source of ethical–axiological meanings. The author concludes that the created world as a whole and its individual components, within the theocentric horizon of thought, are central to medieval ontology and reveal the fundamental ethical and axiological principles formed within the mental culture of the Early Middle Ages. A fundamental idea in Greek–Eastern patristics is the transformation of human nature, corrupted by sin, which is to be aided by understanding the meanings established by God in the laws of the universe, including the existence of the animal world. This approach excludes a consumerist attitude towards nature and the utilitarian interpretation of science and scientific knowledge prevalent in the modern era.

Keywords:

natural world, nature, created world, Greek–Eastern patristics.

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Chedia, K. O. (2024). The potential of human consciousness. Actual Issues of Modern Science. European Scientific e-Journal, 30, __-__. Ostrava: Tuculart Edition.

DOI: 10.47451/phi2024-04-02

Abstract:

The systematic application of dialectical methodology makes it possible to identify the cause-and-effect foundations of not only the past, present, but also the future evolution of Being, the essence of which is the gradual harmonization of all its levels in a mirror-symmetrical sequence of the following nine stages. The meaning of the evolution of Being as a whole consists first in creating conditions for the emergence of living matter and its consciousness during the early evolution of inanimate matter, then reaching the qualitative limit by the consciousness of “people” on its centers (sustainable reproduction of objective values based on the ideal of Harmony and objective knowledge through the complete application of dialectical methodology based on the self-sufficiency of empirical data) with the subsequent gradual harmonization of all levels of Being to a system of interaction between universes and hypothetical anti-universes (outside of the theoretical postulation of which the evolutionary nature turns out to be inexplicable and the future of humanity in the conditions of inevitable exhaustion of energy turns out to be pessimistically disastrous). Meanwhile, the potential of human consciousness is the top of the evolutionary pyramid, providing an optimistic finale to the evolution of Being.

Keywords:

dialectical methodology, emergence, culmination, elimination of the system of epistemological and ontological opposites, phases and stages of the evolution of inanimate and living matter.

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Bakhtin, M. V. (2024). Metaphysical principles of causality and normativity in historical knowledge. Actual Issues of Modern Science. European Scientific e-Journal, 30, __-__. Ostrava: Tuculart Edition.

DOI: 10.47451/phi2024-04-01

Abstract:

The article is dedicated to the metaphysical basis of the freedom of will. Metaphysical principles of causality are considered as sources of accomplishment of different deeds. The evolution of the given principles in developing human civilization is examined. A principle of causality, which is regarded as a fundamental ontological characteristic of existence, suggests that man can fulfill his aspiration for freedom only when he subjugates his life to the objective Universal Law. From a causal perspective, any phenomenon is considered a consequence of some reason and simultaneously a cause of some different consequence. The author concludes that the realization of the complexity and diversity of the world and, consequently, the impossibility of finding any unrealistic “master key” method that works equally effectively in both the natural and socio-humanitarian spheres. Most likely, it is worth recognizing that two fundamental metaphysical principles interpret the nature of human actions in different ways. The metaphysics of causality considers them consecutive links of a specific universal series. Freedom is understood here as strictly following this series, any deviation from which is interpreted as an absolute evil. The metaphysics of normativity prefers to consider human actions as independent acts of realization of freedom, for each of which a person bears full responsibility.

Keywords:

causality, normativity, freedom of will, necessity, objective universal law.

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Dobrodum, O. V., Martinuk, E. I., & Nykytchenko, O. E. (2022). Exercising religious freedom during covid-19 pandemic. The Third Special Humanitarian Issue of Ukrainian Scientists. European Scientific e-Journal, 5 (20), 39-47. Ostrava: Tuculart Edition. (in Ukrainian)

DOI: 10.47451/phi2022-05-01

Abstract:

The article presents a review of pandemic aspects of religious freedom. It is noted that in democracies, freedom of conscience has not been reproduced without problems, and non-democracies have persecuted believers, often emphasizing that this does not impede religious freedom in their countries. Democracies find it harder to fight the pandemic than more authoritarian countries, but outside democracies, and in some cases not to the same extent, freedom of conscience suffers from both sporadic violations and persistent obstacles. In countries where believers have been persecuted, this disease has only become part of the repression and has intensified it, including vaccination, which is another means of discriminating against members of religious organizations who are persecuted. In the current situation, even authoritarian states have an understanding of the importance of collective immunity, and although totalitarian or authoritarian regimes promote vaccination, it does not promote freedom of conscience as such. In this study of religious freedom at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, we emphasized its uniqueness in the constellation of all other human rights and freedoms, and at the same time the need to respect all these rights and freedoms for its realization. In our scientific work, we have warned against the inadmissibility of overgrowth of temporary restrictions on freedom of religion or belief due to the need to implement quarantine regulations to persecute believers outside of this global crisis. The vast majority of violations of religious freedom during the pandemic occurred in countries where even before the spread of the coronavirus, religious minorities were pressured, discriminated against and repressed.

Keywords:

freedom of religion, COVID-19 pandemic, religious organizations, attitude of religions to vaccination, свобода релігії, пандемія COVID-19, релігійні організації, ставлення релігій до вакцинації.

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Stetsenko, V., & Galuiko, R. (2022). Conceptual pluralism of religious and philosophical thought in Ukraine in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The Second Special Humanitarian Issue of Ukrainian Scientists. European Scientific e-Journal, 3 (18), 117-124. Ostrava: Tuculart Edition. (in Ukrainian)

DOI: 10.47451/phi2022-04-02

Abstract:

The conceptual pluralism of religious and philosophical thought in Ukraine in the late 19th and early 20th centuries was considered. Its main directions, ideological connection with the corresponding directions and currents of Western European and domestic philosophy are analyzed. In particular, the peculiarities of religious and philosophical views of O. Kozlov, O. Gilyarov, G. Chelpanov, S. Bulgakov, E. Trubetsky, V. Zenkovsky, G. Florovsky, L. Shestov and M. Berdyaev, whose life and work in the late 19th and early 20th centuries were related to Ukraine. Their personal contribution to the development of philosophy in Ukraine and its integration into the same European philosophical process was clarified. Thus, the works of O. Kozlov and O. Gilyarov were greatly influenced by the ideas of panpsychism, in the context of which they in their original teachings uniquely interpreted the theocentric doctrine. The most influential follower of neo-Kantianism in the academic philosophy of Ukraine in the late 19th and early 20th century was G. Chelpanov. In contrast to these philosophers, typical representatives of spiritual philosophy – V. Zenkovsky and G. Florovsky substantiated in their philosophizing the traditional Orthodox doctrine of theocentric. S. Bulgakov and E. Trubetskoy, following their ideological predecessor V. Solovyov, developed various sophiological concepts of “metaphysics of omnipresence”. L. Shestov and M. Berdyaev became the creators of special versions of existential-humanistic philosophy within the “new religious consciousness”, for which they are also considered to be prominent representatives of religious personalism.

Keywords:

panpsychism, personalism, neo-Kantianism, existentialism, Orthodox philosophical tradition, “metaphysics of omnipresence”, sophiology, “God-seeking”, панпсихізм, персоналізм, неокантіанство, екзистенціалізм, православна філософська традиція, "метафізика всеєдності", софіологія, "богошукання".

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Lebyedyeva, N. A. (2022). Features of the structural role of the sacred in the system of spatiotemporal coordinates of the ethnic world picture. The Second Special Humanitarian Issue of Ukrainian Scientists. European Scientific e-Journal, 3 (18), 105-116. Ostrava: Tuculart Edition.

DOI: 10.47451/phi2022-04-01

Abstract:

In our time of progress, a world in which innovative technologies are rapidly developing, the problem of the structural role of the sacred in the space-time coordinate system of the ethnic world picture remains relevant. The study’s purpose is to consider the features of the structural role of the sacred in the system of spatiotemporal coordinates of the ethnic world picture. In the course of this research, the author of the article set the following tasks: to consider scientific sources of foreign and Ukrainian scientists and to analyze and synthesize the acquired knowledge. The method of a systematic approach to the study of the researched problem is used. The article has a problem-theoretical character and may be of interest to foreign scholars because it contains knowledge acquired by Ukrainian scientists. As a result of the research it was concluded that the sacred as a filling of the spiritual space has its development in time, embodied through social processes, which together fill the picture of the world of the ethnos.

Keywords:

structural role, sacred, temporal, system, coordinates, ethnos, picture of the world, space, time, структурна роль, сакральне, темпоральне, система, координати, етнос, картина світу, простір, пора.

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Lebedeva, G. N. (2021). Pan-Slavism: the history of the geopolitical idea. Philosophical thought of the 21st century: if there is a future for philosophy. European Scientific e-Journal, 9 (15), 16-26. Hlučín-Bobrovníky: “Anisiia Tomanek” OSVČ.

DOI: 10.47451/phi2021-10-003

Abstract:

The article examines the phenomenon of “pan-Slavism” as an attempt to explain the variety of problems associated with the cultural, ethnic and political unity of the Slavs. For the first time, the ideology of pan-Slavism arose among the Western Slavs, which then reached Russia. For the Slavs, the ideas of pan-Slavism were a means of self-defence against the threat of assimilation and dissolution in the surrounding peoples. In addition to political and social, most foreign Slavs also experienced cultural humiliation. In the Russian Empire and the USSR, pan-Slavism had an oppositional character. The author used historical, logical, comparative and other methods to achieve the study tasks. In the study course, famous pan-Slavism philosophers’ works of the past and present are used. The author concludes that pan-Slavism played an outstanding role in awakening the national consciousness of the Slavic peoples, including those aliens to Russia, by suspending the assimilation of the Slavs by Western and Eastern conquerors. The Balkan Slavs generally gained independence from the hands of Russia.

Keywords:

pan-Slavism, geopolitical ideas, Slavs, Slavs, Haushofer, Krizhanich, I.S. Aksakov, N.Y. Danilevsky, A.F. Gilferding, S.V. Lebedev.

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Lebedev, S. V. (2021). The problem of postmodern perception. Philosophical thought of the 21st century: if there is a future for philosophy. European Scientific e-Journal, 9 (15), 7-15. Hlučín-Bobrovníky: “Anisiia Tomanek” OSVČ.

DOI: 10.47451/phi2021-10-002

Abstract:

The concept of “postmodern” has turned from a philosophical term into a fashionable word, used incredibly widely by a variety of people under a variety of circumstances. As is often the case with popular words, it becomes difficult to give a concrete and generally accepted definition of what lies behind the concept of postmodernity. Postmodernism is also understood as the latest artistic and architectural trends. It seems that as many people as there are postmoderns. The study aimed to clarify the detection of postmodernism in philosophical thought based on the modern paradigm. In the study course, historical, comparative and logical methods were applied. To solve the research tasks, the works of leading modern specialists in postmodernism were used. The author concludes that the beginning of the 21st century will go down in history as a time of timelessness: no great ideas, no great feats, even no great crimes. On the other hand, Russia can take a leading place in the post-Western world if only it does not forget that it is a Eurasian country with its development path.

Keywords:

postmodernism, postmodern philosophy, multiculturalism, post-western era, deindustrialization.

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Klujev, A. S. (2021). Nikolai Onufrievich Lossky’s intuitivism: philosophy of music. Philosophical thought of the 21st century: if there is a future for philosophy. European Scientific e-Journal, 9 (15), 27-39. Hlučín-Bobrovníky: “Anisiia Tomanek” OSVČ.

DOI: 10.47451/phi2021-10-001

Abstract:

The article reveals the features of philosophical ideas about the music of N.O. Lossky. It is established that Lossky’s philosophical judgments about music are organically connected with his philosophical doctrine – intuitivism. The study purpose is to learn the philosophy of music through the Nikolai Onufrievich Lossky’s intuitivism. The most important, from the point of view of the author of the article, provisions of Lossky’s intuitivism are noted: 1) intuitivism provides a direct vision of the object by the knowing subject in the original, and not by means of a copy, symbol, construction, etc.; 2) intuitivism is based on intuition, acting in three types (modes): sensual, intellectual and mystical, while taking into account the legitimization of two spheres by the philosopher: the world and the Superworld (the Kingdom of God), sensual and intellectual intuition work in the world, mystical intuition prepares a breakthrough into the Superworld (the Kingdom of God). It is shown that music is an integral component – a staple – of Lossky’s philosophical doctrine. It is argued that, according to Lossky, it is music that contributes to the most distinct vision of the object by the cognizing subject in the original, and the full realization of the mission intended for them by all three types of intuition. Comparative, historical and logical research methods were used to solve the tasks. The study used the works of the author, Nikolai Lossky and prominent philosophers such as B.V. Asafyev, A. Bergson, A.F. Losev, P.A. Florensky, and the memoirs of Prince E.N. Trubetskoy.

Keywords:

philosophy, music, Nikolai Onufrievich Lossky, intuitivism, sensory intuition, intellectual intuition, mystical intuition, Kingdom of God.

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Kapitsa, V. F. (2021). Innovative development of science on the basis of noosphere world understanding, noo-knowledge and methodology of noo-scientific cognition. Philosophical thought of the 21st century: if there is a future for philosophy. European Scientific e-Journal, 9 (15), 40-54. Hlučín-Bobrovníky: “Anisiia Tomanek” OSVČ. (in Ukrainian)

DOI: 10.47451/phi2021-09-001

Abstract:

The essence of the noosphere-cognitive approach in the innovative development of science, the process of forming the scientific reality of noosphere knowledge and cognition is revealed. The noosphere nomonology of research programs and the corresponding basic principles of noosphere-programmable methodology of innovative research are presented. Five clusters of noosphere research program for the implementation of design noo-innovations have been identified. The development and implementation of such programs is a critical problem of innovative development of science in the areas of formation of noosphere-scientific world understanding, noosphere episthemology and methodology of noo-science. The article reveals that in Noonan logical cognition the methods of worldview-methodological reflection, system-nomonological forecasting of innovations, information-semantic method and method of creative-synergistic synthesis, methods of noosphere-semiotic programming, noosphere-imprintine modeling in noo-mental patterns and constructs of noosphere-technological NT praxis are used most effectively.

Keywords:

innovative development of science, noospheric cognition, noo-methodology, noosphere world understanding, nomonology of research programs, noo-program, clusters of methodological innovations, noo-science, logonomos of noonanological development, noo-project, noo-mental pattern, noosphere of knowledge and noo-knowledge configurators.

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Buychik, A. (2021). The formation of klironomical thinking in the system of the social outlook. Eastern European humanitarian collection of mini monographs. Collection of Scientific Articles. European Scientific e-Journal, 1 (7), 108-154. European Scientific e-Journal. Hlučín-Bobrovníky: “Anisiia Tomanek” OSVČ.

DOI: 10.47451/phi2020-12-001

Abstract:

The article, based on the first two chapters of the monograph on Klironomy, a new science on the preservation of cultural heritage, is an analysis of the evolution of the formation of a special kind of worldview in humans and society, based on klironomical thinking, i.e., the idea of preserving the past for the future.

Keywords:

outlook, klironomy, klironomic thinking, historical and cultural heritage, preservation of cultural heritage.

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Voloshina, L. A. (2020). About synesthesia as a way of perception. Past and present in the philosophy of social development. Collection of Scientific Articles. European Scientific e-Journal, 2 (2), 25-32. Hlučín-Bobrovníky: “Anisiia Tomanek” OSVČ.
Волошина, Л. А. (2020). О синестезии как способе восприятия. Past and present in the philosophy of social development. Collection of Scientific Articles. European Scientific e-Journal, 2 (2), 25-32. Hlučín-Bobrovníky: “Anisiia Tomanek” OSVČ.

DOI: 10.47451/phi2020-09-002

Abstract:

Synesthesia is a complex form of human sensuality. Its most common definition is associated with the concept of ‘color hearing’. However, today, when synesthesia has become a serious subject of scientific research, many types of this phenomenon have already been identified. Moreover, all researchers note the importance of this ability for a person, in particular, the connection of synesthesia with creative activity, a bright perception of the world. The author presents synesthesia as an object of scientific research. This phenomenon is related to brain activity and sensory features. Synesthesia is considered as an object of research by neuroscientists, people of the art world, and psychiatrists. The topic of synesthesia in childhood is presented separately. How important this is feeling when a child perceives the world that opens up to him as a phenomenon? What it means as a feature of perception for an adult. Can synesthesia be considered another kind of sensory perception of the world? This range of questions is the basis of this article.

Keywords:

synesthesia, sensory perception, individual perception, phenomenon, aesthetic phenomenon, sensory cognition.

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Kanysheva, O. A. (2020). Leibniz on the psyche and consciousness: the phenomenon of the unconscious (in Russian). Past and present in the philosophy of social development. Collection of Scientific Articles. European Scientific e-Journal, 2 (2), 4-16. Hlučín-Bobrovníky: “Anisiia Tomanek” OSVČ.
Канышева, O. A. (2020). Лейбниц о психике и сознании: явление бессознательного. Past and present in the philosophy of social development. Collection of Scientific Articles. European Scientific e-Journal, 2 (2), 4-16. Hlučín-Bobrovníky: “Anisiia Tomanek” OSVČ.

DOI: 10.47451/phi2020-09-001

Abstract:

René Descartes put consciousness at the head of the psyche, made it the central theme of philosophy. Its tradition is continued by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, who divided the concepts of psyche and consciousness. Along with the concept of the soul, the term psyche appears. Now, not two terms have appeared: soul and consciousness, but three: soul, consciousness, psyche. The article examines Leibniz’s doctrine of monads, the nature of which resembles Aristotle’s description of the entelechy, which allows Leibniz to get away from the dualism of Descartes’ substances, to show their metaphysical connection through the hierarchy of ascent from simple monads to complex ones due to the ability to reflect one monad into another through the all-pervading unity of God. The author makes a complex conclusion about the contribution of Wilhelm Leibniz to the psychology of consciousness.

Keywords:

monad, entelechy, substance, soul, consciousness, unconscious, pre-established harmony, God, reason, all-connection, nature, metaphysics.

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Boedov, A. A. (2020). Tradition as a factor of self-organization of society. Past and present in the philosophy of social development. Collection of Scientific Articles. European Scientific e-Journal, 2 (2), 17-24. Hlučín-Bobrovníky: “Anisiia Tomanek” OSVČ.
Боедов, A.A. (2020). Традиция как фактор самоорганизации общества. Past and present in the philosophy of social development. Collection of Scientific Articles. European Scientific e-Journal, 2 (2), 17-24. Hlučín-Bobrovníky: “Anisiia Tomanek” OSVČ.

DOI: 10.47451/phi2020-08-001

Abstract:

Considering the process of self-organization of such a complex evolving system as human society, it seems necessary to determine the role and significance of such a phenomenon as tradition in it. Interest in tradition is actively growing in society, which can be explained to a certain extent by new psycho-historical challenges, the precarious state of the world, the increase in entropy, the growth of hostility and global chaos. The article deals with the phenomenon of tradition, which acts as a factor of self-organization of society. The analysis of tradition and tradition in the context of cultural-historical and cultural-psychological approaches is carried out. The role and significance of tradition in the system of functioning and development of social organisms of various levels are noted. The author concludes that traditions and the process of tradition are a kind of protection against the fragmentation of the world, limiting its fragmentation, and this mission is particularly in need of impulses to unite with reality, society in general and a small social group in particular. As a result, ‘tradition’ becomes a psychological practice of self-organization of society, an antientropic factor.

Keywords:

tradition, traditional values, self-organization of society, the making of symbols out, neotraditionalism.

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