Korzh, A. V. (2025). Analysis of biochemical indicators of iron metabolism in primary allogenic blood donors. Actual Issues of Modern Science. European Scientific e-Journal, 38, __–__. Ostrava: Tuculart Edition, European Institute for Innovation Development.

DOI: 10.47451/med2025-07-01

Abstract:

Currently, there is a significant shortage of donated blood and blood components worldwide. According to WHO recommendations, an adequate and reliable supply of safe and high-quality donated blood and blood components can only be achieved through regular voluntary unpaid donations. The study aims to examine the main biochemical indicators characterising iron metabolism in first-time allogeneic blood donors, in order to subsequently use them as reference values for comparative analysis in scientific research, as well as for developing practical recommendations concerning strategies for recruiting and retaining first-time voluntary unpaid blood donors. The methodological basis of this study was a systematic approach, which allowed for a comprehensive study and analysis of the biochemical indicators of iron metabolism in primary allogenic blood donors. The results obtained were used to develop practical recommendations for the Blood Centre of the Armed Forces of Ukraine regarding the strategy for attracting and retaining primary blood donors who make voluntary unpaid donations. Based on mathematical analysis, a positive correlation has been established between the indicators of secondary metabolic disorders in the examined donors and the main biochemical indicators of iron metabolism in first-time allogeneic blood donors, which may be used as reference values in conducting comparative analyses in future scientific studies.

Keywords:

blood donors, donations, iron, biochemical parameters, primary allogeneic blood donors.

Diachuk, D. D. (2025). Conceptual approaches to the introduction of compulsory health insurance for the population in Ukraine. Actual Issues of Modern Science. European Scientific e-Journal, 37, 60–65. Ostrava: Tuculart Edition, European Institute for Innovation Development.

DOI: 10.47451/med2025-04-01

Abstract:

The critical demographic situation, epidemic challenges, and consequences of the war, which will be observed in the population and the event of its end, require adequate funding for the industry to meet the medical needs of the population. The study aims to research the state and problems of financial support for the healthcare sector and substantiate conceptual approaches to introducing mandatory state health insurance in Ukraine. Materials: data from state and industry statistical reports; regulatory legal acts; draft laws of Ukraine on compulsory health insurance; scientific literary sources. Study methods are analytical, synthesis, comparison, generalisation, and conceptual modelling. For 2022, the funds for the medical guarantee program amounted to 157.3 billion UAH, or 2.9% of gross domestic product (GDP), instead of 5.0% provided for by law. This volume amounted to 142.7 billion UAH (2.3%) in 2023 and 158.8 billion UAH (2.1% of GDP) in 2024. International experience shows that most countries of the world use a mixed form of financing for the healthcare sector to increase the financial access of the population to medical care. We have proposed a conceptual approach to the introduction of compulsory state health insurance in Ukraine through the adoption of the law on mandatory state health insurance, which will determine the sources of financing of medical services—insurance payments to employers, state budget funds and funds from other sources not prohibited by law. The author concludes that the proposed conceptual approaches to the sources of insurance fund formation and their legislative consolidation differ significantly from those proposed in earlier draft laws, and were rejected by the legislative body.

Keywords:

insurance, industry financing, healthcare, draft law, medical care.

Muntian, L. Y. (2025). Virtual and augmented reality in the education of medical students. Actual Issues of Modern Science. European Scientific e-Journal, 37, 66–69. Ostrava: Tuculart Edition, European Institute for Innovation Development.

DOI: 10.47451/med2025-05-01

Abstract:

Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies play an extremely important role in the healthcare sector, where their application allows for better diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of patients. These technologies play a particularly important role in the healthcare sector, where their application allows for better diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of patients. The purpose of the study is to analyze scientific data on the use of virtual and augmented reality technologies in the education of medical students and in the practice of doctors. The role of VR and AR technologies in planning complex surgeries is particularly noteworthy, where they allow surgeons to pre-model interventions and receive visual cues in real time, reducing the trauma of operations and increasing their efficiency. In rehabilitation programs, VR and AR are becoming indispensable tools for physical and cognitive rehabilitation of patients, providing effective methods of restoring motor and cognitive functions. The author concludes that the use of VR and AR for mental health deserves special attention. Modern technologies make it possible to create safe and controlled environments for the treatment of anxiety disorders and PTSD, enabling patients to gradually adapt to stressful situations, reducing anxiety and improving their emotional state.

Keywords:

virtual technologies, augmented reality technologies, medical students, patient rehabilitation, VR simulators.

Romanova, N. A. (2025). Electromyographic signal as feedback for pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation and training. Actual Issues of Modern Science. The Proceedings of the European Institute for Innovation Development International Conference, __-__. Ostrava: Tuculart Edition, European Institute for Innovation Development.

DOI: 10.61726/7877.2025.76.41.001

Abstract:

In the present world, most people are engaged in routine office work. This factor contributes to high inactivity in the musculoskeletal system and the body. Disorders of the muscular structure and pelvic ligaments may also be caused by dyssynergic defecation, surgical intervention, degenerative disease, pregnancy and childbirth in women, muscle relaxants, narcotics, and similar factors. Therefore, developing physiotherapy methods and a fitness training plan is a highly relevant task today. The novelty of this research lies in developing a new approach to rehabilitating and training pelvic floor muscles using the electromyographic signal as biofeedback. The study object is the rehabilitation and training of pelvic floor muscles. The study subject is the method of rehabilitation and training of pelvic floor muscles using the EMG signal. The study aims to develop a physiotherapy method and a fitness training plan. The author applied general scientific methods such as analysis, experimentation, observation, and classification to achieve the purpose and address the study objectives. The study draws upon the works of foreign and Russian researchers in rehabilitation and physiotherapy of the pelvic floor muscles, processing and classification of electromyographic signals, and the evaluation and analysis of muscular activity. Within the framework of this study, a method of pelvic floor muscle training using biofeedback was proposed. The article presents the method of pelvic floor muscle training with biofeedback, illustrating what an EMG signal looks like and describing exercises based on electromyography. A 10-day training plan is provided. The method of assessing the patient’s condition before and after the training is also described. The author concludes that the proposed method contributes to a positive change in the shape of the EMG signal. The paper presents EMG signals recorded before and after training, clearly showing significant changes in the shape and stability of muscle activity levels.

Keywords:

physiotherapy, rehabilitation, electromyography, pelvic floor muscles.

Yarmak, O. M., & Kostiv, S. F. (2024). Gender characteristics of the response of the cardiovascular system in military personnel to various types of physical exertion. Actual Issues of Modern Science. European Scientific e-Journal, 34, 70-77. Ostrava: Tuculart Edition, European Institute for Innovation Development.

DOI: 10.47451/hum2024-11-01

Abstract:

The authors present a comparative analysis of the cardiovascular system response in 63 military personnel (32 men and 31 women) during orthostatic, isometric, and hypoxic functional tests. The study aimed to identify gender differences in response to various types of physical exertion. To achieve this goal, theoretical research methods, physiological measurement techniques, and mathematical statistics were employed. The findings underwent comparative analysis, revealing that men had an average systolic blood pressure of 156.6 ± 24.43 mm Hg during isometric loading, while women recorded an average of 143.6 ± 11.85 mm Hg (p = 0.01). The diastolic pressure in men reached 107.1 ± 13.95 mm Hg, whereas in women, it was 96.5 ± 6.11 mm Hg (p = 0.001). In the hypoxic test, men demonstrated an average systolic blood pressure of 148.0 ± 20.61 mm Hg; for women, it was 130.6 ± 10.84 mm Hg (p = 0.001). Similar results were obtained in the comparative analysis of indicators during the orthostatic test. These data indicate a higher cardiovascular reactivity in men, which may reflect differences in adaptive mechanisms between gender groups among military personnel. The results underscore the importance of considering gender-specific characteristics in designing physical training programs for military personnel to ensure optimal physical loads and minimise risks of cardiovascular strain, particularly for men.

Keywords:

military staff, gender differences, isometric load, hypoxic test, orthostatic test, blood pressure.

Article's Index

Udymovych, V. A., & Belemets, T. O. (2024). Source of polyunsaturated fatty acid and their effects on the human body. Actual Issues of Modern Science. European Scientific e-Journal, 31, 164-176. Ostrava: Tuculart Edition, European Institute for Innovation Development. (In Ukr.)

DOI: 10.47451/med2024-04-01

Abstract:

The problem of eating healthy food with high nutritional density as the basis of a complete diet has always been one of the most relevant in the world. After all, it’s a scientifically proven fact that approximately 70% of human health and the normal functioning of all organs and systems depends on a balanced diet, in particular, we are also talking about the coordinated work of the immune system with the maintenance of the homeostasis of the entire body. The relevance of this literary study is determined by the high level of diseases (digestive organs, cardiovascular system) and disorders of the synthesis of proteins, enzymes and immunoglobulins caused by insufficient, excessive or irrational use of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Accordingly, the implementation of theoretical research, which can contribute to the prevention of the formation of this problem, is expedient. With the use of modern scientific publications, an analysis of widespread scientometric sources of information was performed in the work using the most current and most widespread global scientometric databases: Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, like leading foreign publishing houses: Cell, Medicine, Biochemical pharmacology, Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, Journal of Lipids, etc. The study object is the metabolic processes in the human body, like the work of the cellular and humoral links of the immune system for changes caused by the daily consumption of a sufficient amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The purpose of the conducted theoretical research is to improve the understanding of the significance of the daily intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids with food, delineation of the most rational for consumption of food products with a high percentage of them, like, most significantly, a description of their direct impact on the work of the immune system. Materials are the latest and publicly available works of world scientists in leading and specialized periodicals, regarding issues of immunological impact, sources and biotechnological aspects of obtaining polyunsaturated fatty acids using producer microorganisms. The work presents data on medical and biological studies of the norms recommended by nutritionists for the use of essential fatty acids (4...6% of the energy ration), needs according to gender (80...150 g/day for men and 65...100 g/day for women), as well as the effectiveness of additional intake of n-3 acids in various diseases, diet therapy, corrections of lipid metabolism disorders, etc. By using information sources from world scientometric databases, the article presents a theoretical analysis of the influence of daily consumption of the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids recommended by nutritionists, like the ratio of n-6 : n-3 families on the processes of oxidative stress, anabolism and catabolism, metabolic flexibility and strength of muscle fibers in athletes. Described the effect of eicosanoids under the condition of their synthesis in large quantities on immunological and metabolic processes in the human body is described. An impact analysis was carried out of arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids on the neuroprotective properties of the human brain and the production of a wide range of mediators with a potentially negative impact on its activity and functioning. Particular attention is paid to alternative sources of obtaining polyunsaturated fatty acids, including n-6 and n-3, by the method of biotechnological accumulation with the help of biosynthesis using various biological agents (bacteria, mycelial fungi, microalgae). In particular, the pros and cons of such promising microorganisms (with/without genome modification) as: Mortierella alpina, Thraustochytrium sp, Schizochytrium sp are described. etc.

Keywords:

immunity, polyunsaturated fatty acids, n-3, n-6, sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosanoids, phagocytosis.

Article's Index

Voitiv, Y. Y., & Smorzhevskyi, V. Y. (2024). Analysis of the genetic determination of developing eventration in patients with abdominal surgical pathology. Actual Issues of Modern Science. European Scientific e-Journal, 31, 156-163. Ostrava: Tuculart Edition, European Institute for Innovation Development.

DOI: 10.47451/med2024-05-02

Abstract:

Eventration is one of the most dangerous complications in abdominal surgery, which occurs in 0.2-7% (2% on average) of patients after laparotomy. The event leads to the development of intestinal obstruction, postoperative peritonitis, and the formation of intestinal fistulas. Despite the fact that the role of impaired regeneration and repair processes in the occurrence of events is undeniable, scientific publications and research at the modern methodological level on this topic are insufficient, and existing ones mainly concern the development of postoperative ventral hernias. The purpose of the study was to conduct an analysis of genetic determination of the development of eventrations, based on the frequency of polymorphic variants of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (C-1306→T) (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (G303→A) (TIMP-2) genes. The subjects of the study were 19 patients with eventrations and 44 patients with connective tissue pathology. The data obtained by us from the study of polymorphic variants of the MMP-2 (C-1306 →T) and TIMP-2 (G303→A) genes in the Ukrainian population generally correspond to the population frequencies in the European population and the USA. All models of inheritance were analyzed, and the best model with the lowest Aikaike information criterion was determined, which turned out to be a recessive model. As a result of the genetic and statistical analysis of polymorphism of MMP-2 (C-1306 →T) and TIMP-2 (G303→A) genes, it was established that polymorphic variants of these genes are not reliably associated with the development of eventration.

Keywords:

postoperative complications, eventration, MMP-2, TIMP-2, genetic determination.

Article's Index

Bosson, Y.V.E., Konan, A.G., Méité, A., & Séraphin, K.-C. (2024). Consumption, food habits and potential pathological profiles in the population of the District of Abidjan Actual Issues of Modern Science. European Scientific e-Journal, 30, 38-49. Ostrava: Tuculart Edition, European Institute for Innovation Development. (In Ukrainian)

DOI: 10.47451/med2024-04-01 ------ Author's Certificate

Abstract:

Dietary habits play a crucial role in a person’s overall health, and their impact on disease patterns within the population is a growing public health concern. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the dietary habits of the Ivorian population from the angle of domestic consumption and consumption outside the home and establish trends in the most frequent pathological profiles in the Ivorian population. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire comprising several sections. The latter included information on age, sex, anthropometric parameters, eating behaviours, food frequencies, and energy value of the household food ration. The population studied had a weight of 54.59 ± 9.17 kg and an age of 28.11 ± 2.64 years. The average population size is 1.48 ± 0.45 m and the average BMI is 22.71 ± 5.56 (kg/m2). It is observed that 6.06% of cases of thinness, 45.86% of normal build, 19.29% of cases of overweight and 21.12% of cases of obesity. Several household lifestyle habits expose them to overweight, obesity and other risks of nutritional factors. Most households (81.75%) have a balanced weekly consumption of different food groups. The average food ration of the population is 2549.86 ± 444.33 kcal. Nearly half of the population (50.7%) were declared to have a pathology and a medical history.

Keywords:

foods habits, pathological profiles, population, District of Abidjan; habitudes alimentaires, profils pathologiques, population, District d’Abidjan.

Article's Index

Harkusha, I. V., Korniyenko, V. I., Ladogubets, E. V., & Duchenko, E. A. (2024). The influence of benfuram on the state of lipid metabolism in rats on the background of simulated hypercholesterinemia. Actual Issues of Modern Science. European Scientific e-Journal, 28, 73-82. Ostrava: Tuculart Edition, European Institute for Innovation Development. (In Ukrainian)

DOI: 10.47451/med2024-01-02 ------ Author's Certificate

Abstract:

The study purpose was to research the effect of course administration of benfuram on lipid metabolism during experimental hypercholesterolemia in laboratory animals. Experimental hypercholesterolemia in animals was accompanied by the reduce of the high-density lipoproteins (HDL-C) level by 22.2% with a simultaneous increase in total cholesterol (TC) of 2.11 times, increased of low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) levels in 5.89 times and very low-density lipoproteins (LDL-VLDL) by 2.59 times, the common lipid in 1.61 times and in 2.52 times for triacylglycerols. The treatment of the experimental hypercholesterolemia by benfuram helped to raise the high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) level by 18.1% with a simultaneous decrease of total cholesterol by 37.8% in rat plasma, decrease in the LDL-C amount by 22.8%, very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL-cholesterol) – 68.6%, triacylglycerol 59.1%, total lipids for 3.5% in comparison with EH. Benfuram is a promising substance for further search of the specific activity with the purpose to create an effective drug for the lipid metabolism regulation. Based on the results of the above study, the authors concluded that (1) against the background of experimental hypercholesterolemia under the action of benfuram and nicotinic acid in the blood serum, a shift in most indicators of lipid metabolism towards normalization was observed; (2) benfuram is a promising organic compound for further study of pharmacological properties and safety in order to create an effective drug for correcting lipid metabolism on its basis.

Keywords:

bemfuram, experimental hypercholesterolemia, lipid metabolism, nicotinic acid, бенфурам, експериментальна гіперхолестеринемія, ліпідний обмін, нікотинова кислота.

Article's Index

Mishchenko, V. K. (2024). Peculiarities of psycho-emotional disorders in patients in the early recovery period of cerebral ischemic stroke. Actual Issues of Modern Science. European Scientific e-Journal, 28, 73-82. Ostrava: Tuculart Edition, European Institute for Innovation Development.

DOI: 10.47451/med2024-01-01 ------ Author's Certificate

Abstract:

Stroke is one of the most urgent problems of modern medicine. Today, there are about 62 million people worldwide who have suffered a stroke, and about 6 million of them have a permanent disability. One of the most frequent consequences of this disease is psycho-emotional disorders. Therefore, the study purpose was to investigate the features of psycho-emotional disorders in patients in the recovery period of cerebral ischemic stroke. 116 patients and 30 clinically healthy persons of the appropriate age and sex participated in the study. According to the results of the conducted research, it was established that in the patients asthenic syndrome was a basic factor. Depressive disorders corresponded to a mild degree of severity according to the HDRS, and the level of reactive and personal anxiety according to the STAITA, STAISA – to moderate The assessment of factors affecting depression in patients showed that its severity is influenced by: the severity of motor disorders, the patient’s age, female gender, the severity of leukoaraiosis, extent of the stroke focus, the severity of reactive and personal anxiety.

Keywords:

cerebral ischemic stroke, psycho-emotional disorders, asthenia, depression, anxiety.

Article's Index

Garapko, T. V., Mateshuk-Vatseba, L. R., Holovatskyi, A. S., & Foros, A. I. (2022). Changes in the structural organization of spleen during short-term exposure of monosodium glutamate. Actual Issues of Modern Science. European Scientific e-Journal, 23, 73-82. Ostrava: Tuculart Edition, European Institute for Innovation Development.

DOI: 10.47451/med2022-11-01 ------ Author's Certificate 1 --- Author's Certificate 2 --- Author's Certificate 3 --- Author's Certificate 4

Abstract:

Monosodium glutamate is one of the most common food additives in the world. Its effect on the organs of the immune system is not sufficiently studied. The article presents and analyzes the data of an experimental study conducted on 40 white male and female rats of reproductive age (2.5-3.5 months old) weighing 125-195 g. The purpose of the study was to study the histological, morphometric and ultrastructural changes of the spleen under conditions of exposure to monosodium glutamate for four weeks. An experimental group of animals (10 male rats, 10 female rats), which was on a standard vivarium diet, was given monosodium glutamate at a dose of 0.07 g/kg of rat body weight every day for four weeks. In animals of the intact group, the structure of the spleen corresponded to the species norm. In the experimental group of animals, after four weeks of exposure to monosodium glutamate, an immunoinducing effect was observed with increased proliferation of activated lymphocytes and their further differentiation into plasma cells. There is a significant increase in the relative area of the germinal centers of splenic lymphoid nodules and the outer diameter of the central artery of the spleen. Arteries with a thickened wall, their lumen is full of blood. Degeneratively changed erythrocytes are located around the vessels. The veins have a deformed shape, are dilated, the lumen is also full of blood. The share of active macrophages, apoptically changed cells increases. The red pulp is full-blooded, filled with hemosiderin. Therefore, even a short-term daily exposure to monosodium glutamate, namely four weeks, causes changes in the structural organization of the spleen.

Keywords:

experiment, monosodium glutamate, spleen, white pulp, red pulp, lymphocytes, експеримент, глутамат натрію, селезінка, біла пульпа, червона пульпа, лімфоцити.

Article's Index